William Fuller of London invented his "Neopolitan Freezing Machine" (an early mechanized ice cream maker, replacing the sorbetiere) and wrote A Manual: containing original recipes for preparing ices, in 1851 before his patent. Some interesting ice cream recipes included Spumoni, Spongati, Flowers, Candied eggs and many flavors. By 1847 he was the "ice pail maker" to Queen Victoria and other royals.July is National Ice Cream Month, so once again, it is time for posts on ices. PAST POSTS
Several books in the 1700s contained ice cream recipes such as Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts, Confectioner to her late Majesty Queen Anne, first printed in 1718 and the extremely popular Hannah Glasse Art of Cookery. An entire book devoted to ices was published in 1786 - Emy’s L'Art de bien faire les Glaces d 'Office.
Fuller's 36 page Manual was only available at his 60 Jermyn St. manufactory ("six doors from St. James's Street") where he sold his freezing machine "by which different ices can be made in a few minutes; and from the constant agitation of the mixture during the process of freezing it is the smoothest and finest quality." He also sold Fuller's Ice Closet for meat, butter, cream to last seven or eight days, the Ice Preserver to store rough ice for several weeks and The Ice Pail for icing wine, water, butter, &c., either with rough ice or by artificial process."
from The Manual (I added the headings) -
Recipes (he did not use 'receipt')
Two cream bases: cooked custard and plain
"No. 33. Ice of all sorts of Flowers.
In Italy, and all other countries, this Ice, made with the scent of
flowers, is very much used in Granite
Moelleux or Soufflee It is made in the same manner as Ice Spongato de
vanilla; the flowers mostly used are the lily, hyacinth, jasmine, orange, lemon,
cedrat, wall-flowers, &c. Freeze it and add meringue paste.
No. 45. Other sorts of Ice of Candied Eggs.
In all mixtures of eggs, candied, you must beat the eggs up well with
the sugar, until it rises, then sprinkle it with a little cold water, and add
the flavour you prefer; put into it a plate of whipped cream and freeze it.
No. 1. Custard for Ices.
Stir the yolks of eighteen eggs well, with or without sugar, then put
three pints and a half of cream, or milk, and other ingredients which you
intend, and any flavour that you may prefer. Place it on a moderate fire, and
stir it continually, with a spoon or whisk, until the mixture be combined, and
of the consistence of a thick cream, taking care not to let it boil; afterwards
pass it through a sieve, and, when it is cold, freeze it. When nearly frozen,
put into it a plate of meringue paste, which is made with the whites of four
eggs, beaten up to a firm froth, and three spoonsful of syrup, or powdered
sugar. This meringue mixture must be put into all Ices, except Liquid Ices, to
make them smooth and light.
No. 2. For plain Ice Cream.
Put sugar or syrup with the cream, or milk, without boiling, in the
same proportions as in No. 25; then add the flavour and fruit that you wish,
pass it through a sieve, and freeze it.
DESCRIPTION OF PLATE.
Figure 1.—Represents the Machine open.
Figure 2.—Represents the action of gathering to the right and left and
working the ingredients with a spaddle.
Figure 3.—Represents the putting of the Ice into an Ice-pot, when not
intended for immediate use, and in which it can be kept for a long time.
Figure 4.—Represents the mixture after it is frozen, and if you would
wish to save it in the same Machine, you must add fresh Ice now and then, and
keep stirring the mixture with a spaddle, at intervals, until required for use.
Problems with early ice-pots
Formerly, the process of freezing was a very troublesome and difficult one, requiring more practice and skill than could be easily attained by any one who could not give up all their time to it, and it is to this we owe the difficulty and expense formerly connected with ices, and icing generally. Formerly ice was made in ice-pots or sorbetieres, made of pewter, which were stood in pails containing a mixture of ice and salt, the ice-pot being so fitted in that it could be made to revolve by hand; the ice as it congealed at the sides of the pot being scraped into the centre with a spoon or spatula. This naturally was a work of time, and tiring at that, as the pot was open to allow of this ice scraping; then, when the mixture had at last frozen to the consistency of batter, it was packed into a mould with a tightfitting lid, the edges of which were then "luted " or pasted down with butter or fat of some kind to prevent any possible contamination from the salt with which the ice was mixed. How frequently this precaution failed many people can doubtless remember, as they recall the curious salty taste so frequently and unaccountably present in ices. This mould thus luted was then buried for a time in the ice and salt mixture until it should have solidified properly, and be fit to turn out. Necessarily much experience was required, and the process did not come within the limits of even the professed cook, who had so much besides to attend to.
New inventions
However, the difficulty has been overcome by various inventions, both British and foreign, notably American, and in consequence the popularity of ices and iced dishes has been largely increased; especially when the invention by Mrs. A. B. Marshall of the ice cave altogether did away with the troublesome process of burying the moulded ice out of sight and reach Personally, and speaking from much experience, the freezing tub and ice cave, brought out by Mrs. A. B. Marshall, the well-known cookery teacher, appears to me the simplest and most practical. "
1847 Ad
Fuller’s Patent cold storage chest (Plaque: Fuller’s Patent Jermyn St. St. James London)
Fuller, William. A manual: containing original recipes for preparing ices … Fuller’s Neopolitan Freezing Machine. London: 1851
1847 ad from Allen's Indian Mail. London: Se 1, 1847
1856 patent 5 pages online HERE
©2019 Patricia Bixler Reber
Researching Food History HOME
Posts
No comments:
Post a Comment